проблемы и решения работы пневматического шарового клапана

 
Pneumatic ball valves are widely used in industrial automation systems due to their quick operation, remote control capabilities, and cost-effectiveness. These valves utilize pneumatic actuators to efficiently regulate fluid flow. However, in practical applications, pneumatic ball valves may encounter issues preventing them from opening or closing properly. This article delves into the root causes of these operational problems and offers solutions to help technicians manage and maintain pneumatic ball valves effectively.

Insufficient Actuator Configuration

 
Pneumatic ball valves can typically open or close properly at a pressure of 5 bar before being installed in a pipeline. However, once installed, they may fail to operate fully due to inadequate torque configuration of the pneumatic actuator. This issue not only affects the valve's functionality but can also degrade overall system performance.

Relevant Solutions

Ensure the pneumatic actuator's torque is sufficient to handle the pressure and flow requirements of the pipeline. Consider the following factors when selecting an actuator:

Fluid Characteristics: Such as the density and viscosity of the medium.
Working Pressure: Ensure the actuator's rated torque covers the actual working pressure.
Valve Size: Choose an actuator suitable for the valve's size and type. Regular maintenance and calibration of the actuator will help ensure it operates within the specified pressure and flow ranges, enhancing overall valve performance.

Jamming Due to Medium Viscosity

 
After prolonged use, pneumatic ball valves may become non-functional. On-site analyses have revealed that high viscosity of the medium, combined with low valve usage frequency, can cause the ball core to jam. This phenomenon not only impairs valve operation but may also lead to equipment damage or leaks.

Related Solutions

To prevent issues caused by medium viscosity, consider the following measures:

Regular Cleaning: Clean the pneumatic ball valve after each use to ensure no medium residue remains in the valve chamber.
Increase Usage Frequency: Encourage regular operation of the valve to keep it active, preventing sedimentation or jamming due to viscous media.
Use Flowable Media: When possible, use media with better flow characteristics to minimize operational issues.

Pre-Installation Cleaning

 
Before installing a pneumatic ball valve, it is crucial to ensure that fluid passages and ball surfaces are free of debris. Any impurities entering the ball and sealing seat can increase the operating torque and potentially damage the seat, obstructing normal valve operation.

Common Solutions

Cleaning Process: Use compressed air to thoroughly clean all components before installation, especially the inner and outer surfaces of the valve. Ensure fluid passages are unobstructed.
Device Inspection: After cleaning, check the integrity of all components to ensure there are no leaks or damage.
Maintenance Records: Establish a cleaning and maintenance log for future tracking and analysis of valve performance.

Considerations During Hoisting

 
The pneumatic ball valve structure consists of a cylinder connected to the ball valve via a bracket and stem, requiring high precision for the stem, which is a long axial component. During hoisting, it is essential to avoid deformation due to the weight of the stem, as this can increase the operating torque and may even prevent the valve from opening.

Recommended Solutions

Professional Hoisting: Use professional hoisting tools and methods to prevent unnecessary pressure on the stem during installation.
Support Equipment: Utilize support devices as needed to alleviate the weight burden on the stem, ensuring stability and precision after installation.
Operator Training: Regularly train operators to enhance their skills in hoisting and installation, thereby reducing the risk of human error.

Connection and Leak Detection of Air Hoses

 
The correctness of air hose connections is crucial for the proper opening and closing of pneumatic ball valves. Any air leak at the hose connections can lead to insufficient driving pressure, adversely affecting valve operation.

Major Solutions

Regular Inspections: Periodically check all air hose connections for leaks. Use a wet cloth to detect air leaks; the appearance of bubbles indicates a leak.
Quality Materials: Use high-quality sealing materials during installation to minimize future leakage issues.
Replace Aging Components: Regularly replace aging hose fittings to ensure system sealing.

Initial Operation Adaptation Period

 
Newly installed pneumatic ball valves, especially soft-seated pneumatic ball valves, may experience significant friction during their first operation due to unpolished sealing seats and ball surfaces, potentially hindering smooth opening.

Useful Solutions

Adjust Pressure: Slightly increase the compressed air source pressure within the cylinder's permissible range and perform multiple opening and closing operations to facilitate seating and ball surface wear.
Use Lubricants: Consider applying lubricant during the initial operation to reduce friction and enhance smooth operation.
Monitor Performance: Closely monitor the valve's performance during the initial operations to promptly adjust operational strategies.

Conclusion

 
The proper operation of pneumatic ball valves is critical for the stable functioning of industrial automation systems. By understanding and addressing the issues outlined above, field technicians can effectively ensure the performance of pneumatic ball valves, enhancing their reliability and efficiency in commissioning and actual use. Regular maintenance, scientific operation, and timely troubleshooting will contribute to extending the service life of pneumatic ball valves and improving overall system efficiency. Strengthening knowledge and management of pneumatic ball valves can significantly reduce failure rates and enhance the overall reliability and safety of the system.